Mindfulness-based clinical interventions are mind-body modalities that may encompass multiple components: psycho-educational elements, mindfulness meditation exercises, cognitive-behavioral interventions and movement exercises. Core practices are sitting meditation (breath awareness, focused attention), body scan (awareness of sensations in the body, 45 minute exercise), Hatha Yoga (mindful movement), walking meditation and insight meditation. The two most used mindfulness-based clinical interventions in oncology are mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT), 8-week standardised group programs. MBCT further includes elements from cognitive behavioural therapy.

Shark cartilage is obtained from the cartilage of mainly two shark species. It has been promoted as an over-the-counter supplement for a variety of diseases including cancer. Its use as an anti-cancer remedy was based on the misconception that sharks cannot get cancer. Some in vitro and animal research suggested that shark cartilage has anti-angiogenic and cytotoxic effects.

Autogenic therapy refers to a particular technique of mental exercises involving relaxation and autosuggestion, which aims to teach individuals to switch off the fight/flight/fight stress response at will.

Acupuncture involves the insertion of very thin needles into specific points on the skin. According to Traditional Chinese Medicine philosophy, acupuncture balances the flow of energy, or "qi", through pathways in the body. Western medical acupuncture is based on neurophysiological concepts; acupuncture points are needled to stimulate nerves, muscles and connective tissue thus influencing various bodily functions.

The core of the Breuss Cancer Cure is a rigid diet, which consists of a 42-day fast in combination with special vegetable juices and teas. Additional recommendations are included, for instance, to avoid so-called water veins. According to Breuss’ theory, cancer requires solid food to survive in the body.

Amygdalin is a naturally occurring plant compound belonging to the group of cyanogenic glycosides characterized by the release of cyanide upon enzymatic degradation. It is primarily found in the seeds of apricots, peaches and bitter almonds and also in plants such as lima beans, clover and sorghum. Laetrile is an acronym (derived from LAEvorotatory and mandeloniTRILE) used to describe a purified, semi-synthetic form of amygdalin. Laetrile is claimed to be an anti-cancer treatment or even cure, and cyanide is thought to be the active anti-cancer ingredient. It was at the height of its popularity in the U.S. in the 1970s and 1980s until the FDA considered it unsafe after a phase I and phase II controlled clinical trial in 1982 found no evidence for the efficacy of laetrile and highlighted considerable safety concerns including cyanide poisoning.

PC-SPES, PC-HOPE, PC-CARE and PC-PLUS are herbal supplements which have been marketed for the promoted for prostate health and treatment of prostate cancer. PC-SPES, the original product consisting of a combination of eight herbs, is no longer available. It was recalled by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2002 due to concerns over quality control and reported contamination with prescription drugs. Newer products including similar herbs produced under improved conditions to avoid contamination include PC-HOPE, PC-CARE and PC-PLUS.

Carctol® is an Ayurvedic herbal mixture consisting of eight herbal extracts, which was developed by Dr Nandlal Tiwari in India.

The Ornish diet and lifestyle modification programme combines a supplemented vegan diet with exercise, stress management, and group support sessions. The programme is claimed to enable patients with early-stage prostate cancer to delay or avoid conventional treatment and/or improve quality of life. However, only one randomized trial and one pilot study have been published, all using surrogate markers for prostate cancer. In prostate cancer patients, the programme was found to improve cardiovascular health parameters, which is important as cardiovascular disease is the primary or secondary cause of death in men with prostate cancer.

Ozone (O₃) is an unstable gas found in the atmosphere. It consists of three oxygen atoms and is therefore a strong oxidising agent. Medical ozone is generated via high-voltage oxygen conversion. Application methods range from local treatments to rectal insufflation, ozonated water, and autohaemotherapy. Therapeutically it is mainly used for its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. Claims include treatment of diverse conditions such as cancer, infections, diabetes, and neurological or inflammatory diseases